Fiercely Human. Cultural Studies about the 40's

Santos Yubero, Martín. Exhibición deportiva en Ciudad Universitaria. Photography b/w, s/f.
Held on 10, 17, 24, 31 May, 07, 14 Jun 2016
The period of autocracy in Spain presents itself as an abominable decade characterised by the triumphant Francoist aesthetic and ideology on all fronts. This series of lectures, in conjunction with the exhibition Campo Cerrado. Spanish Art 1939–1953, debates and calls into question this acknowledgement through the views of six historians and theorists hailing from different fields of study and different generations. The multi-faceted approach to a contradictory and tumultuous time enables the recovery and analysis of silent formations of cultural dissidence, the reality of external and internal exile, popular forms as a space of play and transgression, the notion of sacrifice in painting, and the persisting nostalgia and wounds in literary texts. The title of the series borrows its name from Fiercely Human Angel, Blas de Otero’s book of poems, which, along with Children of Wrath by Dámaso Alonso, characterises this decade as a period of survival and rawness in equal measure.
The series’ full programme will be presented in the coming days.
Organised by
Museo Reina Sofía
Ongoing recognition of credits with the Complutense, Carlos III and Autónoma Universities of Madrid.
Participants
Mari Paz Balibrea is a professor of cultural studies in the Department of Cultures and Languages Birkbeck at the University of London. Her publications include En la tierra baldía. Manuel Vázquez Montalbán y la izquierda española en la postmodernidad (El Viejo Topo, 1999) and Tiempo de exilio. Una mirada crítica a la modernidad española desde el pensamiento republicano en el exilio (Montesinos, 2007). She is the coordinator, co-editor and co-author of the project Líneas de fuga. Hacia otra historiografía del exilio cultural republicano español (Akal, 2017), and is currently co-editing the collective book María Zambrano Amongst the Philosophers: A Reconsideration.
Laurence Bertrand-Dorleac is a professor of art history at the Paris Institute of Political Studies (Sciences Po). She is also the author of publications such as Histoire de l’art. Paris 1940-1944 (Publications de la Sorbonne, 1986), Art of the Defeat. France 1940–1944 (Getty Research Institute, 2008), L'ordre sauvage. Violence, dépense et sacré dans l'art des années 1950-1960 (Gallimard, 2004) and Après la guerre (Gallimard, 2010), among others. Furthermore, she has jointly curated the exhibition L’art en guerre, France 1938-1947 (Musée d’art moderne de la Ville de Paris, 2012 and Guggenheim de Bilbao, 2013) and curated Les désastres de la guerre. 1800-2014 (Louvre-Lens, 2014).
Jordi Gracia is a professor of Spanish literature at the University of Barcelona. His publications include Estado y cultura. El despertar de una conciencia crítica (Anagrama, 1996), La resistencia silenciosa (Anagrama, 2004) and A la intemperie. Exilio y cultura en España (Anagrama, 2010). He is also the author of La vida rescatada de Dionisio Ridruejo (Anagrama, 2008) and co-author, together with Domingo Ródenas, of the literary history Derrota y restitución de la modernidad: 1939-2010 (Crítica, 2011). His latest book is the cultural biography José Ortega y Gasset (Taurus, 2014).
Jo Labanyi is a professor of Spanish literature and culture at New York University. She is a specialist in cultural studies and cultural history in modern Spain, and her recent publications are made up of Spanish Literature (Oxford University Press, 2010) and A Companion to Spanish Cinema (Blackwell, 2015), edited alongside Tatjana Pavlovic. Furthermore, she is co-author of A Cultural History of Modern Spanish Literature and Cinema and the Mediation of Everyday Life in 1940s and 1950s Spain: An Oral History (both books are forthcoming), and she is writing a monographic study on Spanish cinema between the years 1939 and 1953, provisionally entitled Reading Cinema under Dictatorship. She is also the founder and director of the Journal of Spanish Cultural Studies.
Germán Labrador Méndez is a professor of literature and cultural history at the University of Princeton. He has written two books on the study of counterculture movements and activism in 1970s literature, entitled Letras arrebatadas, Poesía y química en la transición española (Devenir, 2009) and Culpables por la literatura. Imaginación política y contracultura en la transición española (1968-1984) [forthcoming]. At the present time he is conducting investigations into the ephemeral productions and forms of political resistance that have recently taken place in Spain, in a project provisionally entitled Luces efímeras. La lógica cultural de la crisis española.
Jesusa Vega is a professor of modern and contemporary art history at the Autonomous University of Madrid. She has been an Honorary Research Fellow at the Department of Iberian & Latin American Studies, School of Arts, Birkbeck, University of London, and held the King Juan Carlos I Chair of Spanish Culture at New York University in 2011. She is currently lead researcher in the project La Historia del Arte en España: devenir, discursos y propuestas. In addition to visual culture from the 18th and 19th centuries, she has also written about the history and methodology of art history, most notably in the publication El descubrimiento del arte español. Cossío, Lafuente, Gaya Nuño (Novatores, 2008), together with Javier Portús, and in the articles “Del pasado al futuro de la Historia del Arte en la Universidad Española” (Ars Longa. Cuadernos de Arte, 2007) and “Points de repère pour l'histoire de l'art en Espagne” (Perspective, 2009).


Más actividades
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Céline Sciamma. Water Lilies
Friday, 10 July 2026
Céline Sciamma’s directorial debut, Naissance des pieuvres,depicts the emotional and sexual awakening of three teenagers around an indoor swimming pool in a Parisian suburb. Marie, a fifteen-year-old introvert, becomes fascinated by Floriane, the charismatic captain of a local synchronised swimming team. Driven by this attraction, Marie tries to get closer to her while observing the complex dynamics of desire, friendship and power that develops between the young girls. At the same time, Anne, one of Marie’s friends, has her own experience of insecurity and affective search, shaped by the pressure to fit in and belong. As the relationship between the three intensifies, contradictions surface between the image they outwardly project and their real feelings.
Standing away from the common places on adolescence, Céline Sciamma explores first love, burgeoning queer identity and the uncertainty of desire with an intimate, observational gaze, resulting in a sensitive and honest portrait of a time of transformation, in which each gesture leads to the passage from childhood to adulthood.

Sofia Coppola. Somewhere
Saturday, 11 July 2026
Johnny Marco (Stephen Dorff), a famous Hollywood actor, lives a life of pleasure in Hotel Chateau Marmont in Los Angeles, drifting aimlessly between vacuous relationships, punctuated by film shoots and commercial duties. Cleo (Elle Fanning), his eleven-year-old daughter, stays with him for a few weeks due to her mother’s absence, forcing him to rethink his life.
Sofia Coppola’s employment of swimming pools is carefully considered in the film — blue water in Somewhere is the only place where Marco can recover the meaning of his existence as the pool acts as a womb in which he finds balance. While living with his daughter Cleo and the reflection of these aquatic moments — diving under water, floating, playing or simply sunbathing with no real purpose — everything happens. Thus, Coppola explores in depth themes such as fame, loneliness and the complexity of human ties, putting forward an intimate and profound portrait full of the subtleties of life.

Jonathan Glazer. Sexy Beast
Friday, 17 July 2026
Gal Dove (Ray Winstone), a criminal for the British mafia, lives happily retired with his wife in an idyllic villa in southern Spain and a dazzling swimming pool. Their peace is shattered with the arrival of Don Logan (Ben Kingsley), a former gangster and criminal associate who wants to convince him to do one last job.
If a swimming pool can be at the heart of suspense, then Sexy Beast is the quintessence. The reflection of blue water in Gal’s idyllic seclusion symbolises the artificial paradise that can be broken at any time. This first feature-length film by British director Jonathan Glazer (also the director of The Zone of Interest, 2023) starts with one of the most striking swimming pool scenes, a symbol for the impending danger about to reach this whitewashed haven of peace. The perfect vision of recreated beauty — luxury pools on the Andalusian coast — which, in the depths of pristine water, conceals an unsettling fear of returning to the past.
![François Ozon, Swimming Pool [La piscina], 2003, película](https://recursos.museoreinasofia.es/styles/small_landscape/public/Actividades/ciclocine-piscinas-6.jpg.webp)
François Ozon. Swimming Pool
Saturday, 18 July 2026
Sarah Morton (Charlotte Rampling), a frustrated English writer paralysed by writer’s block, is invited by her editor to spend a few days in her summer house in the south of France. While there she meets Julie (Ludivine Sagnier), the editor’s uninhibited daughter. The young girl’s hypersexuality clashes with Morton’s cold nature, an initial hostility which turns into a fascination with the private life of the young girl, serving the writer as inspiration for her new novel and tugging the story to an ambiguous game between truth and imagination.
Being in crisis is wanting to be another person. Sarah wants to absorb the vitality of her young host, a process of metamorphosis triggered by the swimming pool. The pool is the film’s central character, the place where Julie shows her naked body and amorous acts, sending Sarah into a state of agitation. Through the pool and its water, the writer drinks in Julie’s wild passion. The aquatic enclosure thus acts as catharsis: the place where the subconscious of the writer flourishes, enabling her to unleash her creativity and free her fantasies. At the same time, water distorts the image, blurring fiction and reality; ultimately, the necessary medium to keep art afloat.
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Leni Riefenstahl. Olympia, Part 2. Festival of Beauty and Jean Vigo. Taris, Swimming Champion
Friday, 24 July 2026
The body in water as an object of ideology. This is one of the major themes of the 1930s and this session, where Nazism and Anarchism dissolve into two different swimming pools. Two great films of counterposed ideologies which have gone down in history as examples of film’s power to represent a vision of the world. In Olympia, Part 2. Festival of Beauty, Leni Riefenstahl films the Olympic Games of Berlin in 1936, organised during the Third Reich. The camera leaves the athletics stadium to show the repertoire of modern sports — fencing, polo, cycling, pentathlon — before culminating in the Olympic pool with Adolf Hitler as the host, where the beautiful, disciplined, classical bodies of the swimmers bring to mind, as Susan Sontag wrote, the visual fascination that characterised fascism. Meanwhile, Jean Vigo, the son of an exiled Spanish anarchist, films French Olympic champion Jean Taris in a funny, playful exercise, where the swimming pool becomes a field of play without rules and where avant-garde film-making elements of the 1930s materialise, such as slow motion, superimposed images and dynamic editing. Two avant-garde films, two films on opposite poles that show, for a time, swimming not as an object of pleasure or desire, but as a space of contest from which to demonstrate the power of the twentieth century’s great ideologies.
