Crossed Vignettes
Intergenerational Dialogues among Women Comic Book Writers

Las metamorfosis (The Metamorphoses), Nuria Pompeia, 1968
Held on 21 Nov 2025
The Crossed Vignettes conference analyses the authorship of comics created by women from an intergenerational perspective and draws from the Museo Reina Sofía Collections. Across different round-table discussions, the programme features the participation of illustrators Marika, Carla Berrocal, Laura Pérez Vernetti and Bea Lema and researchers Viviane Alary, Virginie Giuliana and Elisa McCausland.
The aim of the encounter is twofold: to explore in greater depth the different forms in which women comic book artists have contributed to developing a counterculture; namely, the appearance of ruptures, reformulations and new genres within the ninth art. And to set up a dialogue which ignites an exploration of genealogies linking different generations of artists.
Moreover, the activity is put forward as a continuation to the exhibition Young Ladies the World Over, Unite! Women Adult Comic Book Writers (1967–1993) and the First International Conference on Feminist Comic Book Genealogies, held in April 2024 at the Complutense University of Madrid.
In redefining the visual narratives of the comic book and questioning gender stereotypes in a male-dominated world, women comic book writers and artists have impelled greater visibility and a more prominent role for women in this sphere. The study of intergenerational dialogue between female artists past and present enables an analysis of the way in which these voices reinterpret and carry the legacy of their predecessors, contributing new perspectives, forms of artistic expression and a gender-based hybridisation which enhances the world of comics.
The conference, organised jointly by the Museo Reina Sofía and Université Clermont Auvergne/CELIS (UR4280), features the participation of the Casa de Velázquez and is framed inside the context of the CALC programme The Spanish Artistic Canon. Between Critical Literature and Popular Culture: Propaganda, Debates, Advertising (1959–1992), co-directed by Virginie Giuliana. It is also the outcome of the projects Horizon Europa COST Actions iCOn-MICs (Comics and Graphic Novels from the Iberian Cultural Area, CA19119) and COS-MICs (Comics and Sciences, CA24160).
Acknowledgements
Acknowledgements
Organised by
Museo Reina Sofía
Agenda
viernes 21 nov 2025 a las 17:30
Presentation
Introduction to the research projects iCOn-MICs/WGAS/UCA-Reina Sofía, COST COS and CALC/Casa de Velázquez, and the holdings of comic books created by women in the Museo Reina Sofía’s Library and Documentation Centre
— Conducted by Viviane Alary, Virginie Giuliana and Elisa McCausland.
viernes 21 nov 2025 a las 18:15
Women Comic Book Writers: Rethinking and Deconstructing Gender
Round table
—With comic artists: Marika Vila and Carla Berrocal. Moderated by Viviane Alary and Elisa McCausland.
viernes 21 nov 2025 a las 19:00
Break
viernes 21 nov 2025 a las 19:15
The Comic as a Space of Expression, Encounter and Reinvention for Women Artists
Round table
—With comic artists Laura Pérez Vernetti and Bea Lema. Moderated by Virginie Giuliana.
Participants
Laura Pérez Vernetti
is a comic book writer, illustrator and photographer with a degree in Fine Arts. She entered the world of comics in 1981, contributing to the underground magazine El Víbora, before moving into adapting the work of literary figures and poets to experimental, political and erotic comics. Among other books, she has published El toro blanco (The White Bull, 1989) and Las habitaciones desmanteladas (The Dismantled Rooms, 1999), works in which she adapts literary authors such as Maupassant, Thomas De Quincey and Dylan Thomas.
Pérez Vernetti is a pioneer in the new genre of graphic poetry, publishing nine comics in this new language with the publishing houses Luces de Gálibo, Reino de Cordelia and Centro Cultural Generación del 27. She has shown her work at the Fundación Joan Miró in Barcelona, the Museo Es Baluard in Palma de Mallorca, the Musée de la Bande Dessinée in Angoulême (France), the Artium in Vitoria and at the Museo Reina Sofía in Madrid. Further, she has received numerous awards, for instance the Trueno de Honor Prize in 2017, the Grand Prize at the 36th Barcelona International Comic Book Convention in 2018 and, more recently, the “A Life of Vignettes” Award at the Salón SPLASH de Sagunto in 2025, the same year she published Insólitos. Poesía Gráfica.
Mari Carmen Vila (Marika)
is a graphic artist, illustrator and comic book writer, and a researcher specialised in gender studies, a lecturer at the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, UAB), a columnist, and a comic critic for the magazine Serra D’Or. She is also a coordinator of publications, an exhibition curator and disseminates, from activism, the feminist gaze on language. She is one of the first artists to add an avant-garde and feminist gaze to the discourse of the Spanish adult comic book.
Marika Vila started out in the profession in 1970 as an illustrator and comic book draughtswoman with different publications in Europe (London, IPC Magazines; Scotland, DC Thomson; Italy; and Sweden). In 1975 she started working as a feminist comic book artist with an array of leading adult comic book publications that surfaced in the Transition to democracy in Spain. More recently, she has published the graphic novels Mata Hari (Isla de Nabumbu, 2nd ed., Island of Nabumbu, 2023) and Moderna Secreta (hija de Morgana) [Modern Secret, (Morgana’s Daughter), Marmotilla, 2025].
In 2017, her research culminated in the doctoral thesis El cuerpo ocupado. Iconografías del cuerpo femenino como espacio de la transgresión masculina en el cómic (The Occupied Body. Iconographies of the Female Body as a Space of Male Transgression in Comics, Universitat de Barcelona, UB, 2017), leading to the touring exhibitions Mujeres cuerpo a cuerpo (Women Body to Body, Museo del Cómic de Sant Cugat, 2019/Tenerife, 2020) and Cossos que parlen. Les representacions del cos en les autores del còmic espanyol (1910-2023) for the Barcelona Local Museums Network (DIBA), in addition to the theory book Desokupar el cuerpo. Las voces de las autoras en el cómic español (De-occupying the Body. The Voices of Women Artists in Spanish Comics, Marmotilla, 2024).
Currently, she combines research, teaching, criticism and theoretical dissemination with illustrations and comics.
Carla Berrocal
studied Illustration and Graphic Design at the N.10 School of Arts and Crafts in Madrid. Since 2004 her work has centred around editorial illustration for publications and media outlets such as Eme21mag, eldiario.es and El País, and in the Vocento group. Moreover, she combines this work in the sphere of illustration and comics with feminist activism, teaching and dissemination, and is currently a contributor to Cadena SER’s talk show of graphic humourists, A vivir que son dos días.
Her early forays into comic books were as the draughtswoman of works in Hire. El terrible vampiro samurái (2004, with Daniel Hartwell) and Mad Trio (2005, with Jason DeGroot), while her first fully fledged solo work was in the volume Quattrocento (2006). In 2011 she published her first graphic novel, El brujo, inspired by popular culture in Chile, earning her widespread recognition among readers and critics. This was followed by the experimental comic Epigrafías (Epigraphs, 2016) on the life of American poet Natalie Clifford Barney. In 2021 she published her first book with Reservoir Books, the biographical investigation Doña Concha. La rosa y la espina (Doña Concha. Rose and Thorn), three years in the making. Her most recent graphic novel is La tierra yerma (Wasteland, 2024), marking a return to her much-loved adventure comic.
Bea Lema
is an illustrator and comic book writer. Her work is broadly autobiographical and explores issues related to madness, trauma, family relationships, religion and popular rites. Graphically, her work explores drawing and embroidery as a support for her illustrations and comic strips.
In 2022 she received a grant to carry out a graphic novel residency at the Maison des auteurs in Angoulême (France). In France, she has published France Des maux à dire (Sarbacane), in Spanish El Cuerpo de Cristo (Body of Christ, Astiberri), which was awarded the Jury Prize at the Festival BD 2023 in Pèrigord, the Audience Award at the 2024 Angoulême Festival, the 2024 Bédélys Award at the Montreal Comic Arts Festival for the best international work, the Grand Prize at the 2024 Heroína Madame Figaro, the 2024 National Comic Book Award and the 2025 Award for the Best International Graphic Novel at the Napoli Comicon Festival. She has recently adapted this book to a short animation film.
Viviane Alary
is a French Hispanist and an emeritus professor at Université Clermont Auvergne. She was the coordinator of the European Action COST iCOn-MICS (Investigation on Comics and Graphic Novels in the Iberian Cultural Area) until 2023 and is the co-founder of the PACE (The Academic Platform on Comics in the Spanish Language). Her current works focus on memory-based narrative in comics, the influence of the 1980s on today’s Spanish comic books, female authorship in comics and, in general, new trends in the contemporary comic strip. She is the coordinator of collective books like Narrativa gráfica de la Guerra Civil. Perspectivas globales y particulares (Graphic Narrative in the Spanish Civil War. Global and Individual Perspectives, Grafikalismos, 2020, publications service of the University of León), La historieta ibérica y la bande dessinée franco-belga: relaciones, intercambios (The Iberian Comic Strip and the Franco-Belgian bande dessinée: Relationships, Exchanges, Neuróptica 3, 2021, Prensas Universitarias de Zaragoza) and Renovación del cómic en español: lecturas de España a Hispanoamérica (Rekindling the Comic Book in Spanish: Readings from Spain to Hispanic America, GRIMH, col. Zoom, 2022).
Virginie Giuliana
is a Hispanist and a lecturer in Graphic Literature at Université Clermont Auvergne (France), and the director of the university’s Hispanic Studies Department and a member of the Centre de Recherches sur les Littératures et la Sociopoétique. She holds a PhD in Hispanic Studies and Art History from Université Lumière Lyon 2 (France) and the Université de Neuchâtel (Switzerland). From 2023 to 2025 she has been overseeing the European project iCOn-MICs “Investigation on Comics and Graphic Novels from the Iberian Cultural Area” (2020–2025) and has co-directed the CALC project “The Spanish Artistic Canon. Between Critical Literature and Popular Culture: Propaganda, Debates, Advertising (1959–1992)”, developed inside the framework of EHEHI–Casa de Velázquez (2024–2026). Furthermore, she develops and propels the European Project COST Action COS-MICs “Comics and Sciences through Multidisciplinary Investigation and Collaboration” (2025–2029). Her research centres on comics, including the fields of female authorship and digital comics, in addition to art history and museology.
Elisa McCausland
is a journalist and critic who conducts research into popular culture and its manifestations, with a deeper focus on film and comics. She also wrote, with Diego Salgado, Viñetaria. Historia universal de las autoras de cómic (Viñetaria. A Universal History of Women Comic Book Writers and Artists, Cátedra, 2024). With Salgado, she also curated the encounters and seminars Thyssen: The Ninth Passenger. Encounters with Comic Artists (Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza, 2024), Comics, Thought and Popular Culture (Círculo de Bellas Artes, 2023) and The B Side of Reality: Weird Feminism (La Casa Encendida, 2022). McCausland has also headed initiatives such as the Colectivo de Autoras de Cómic (The Collective of Women Comic Book Writers and Artists, 2013–present), the First Congress of Feminist Comic Book Genealogies (Complutense University of Madrid, 2024), the third edition of the Injuve Comic Book Conferences La alquimia de la viñeta (The Alchemy of the Vignette, 2024) and the first edition of the Madrid Comics Fair (2025). She is also the promotor and a member of the Chair of the University of Alcalá de Henares on Research and Comics Culture and, with the Comics Chair from the University of Valencia, has organised film and comics seminars.
![1. Marika Vila, Moderna secreta (hija de Morgana) [Modern Secret (Morgana’s Daughter)], 2025](https://recursos.museoreinasofia.es/styles/large_portrait/public/Actividades/marika%20vila.jpg.webp)


Más actividades

Dominga Sotomayor. Debajo and Thais Fujinaga. A Felicidade das Coisas
Friday 14 August 2026
Two gems, from two new voices in Latin American cinema, which swing between families, swimming pools, reencounters and status. In Debajo, a short film on youth by Chilean director Dominga Sotomayor, an abstract yet powerful bird’s-eye view of a swimming pool co-exists with the relationships of a crisis-stricken family, gathered to see an eclipse. Sotomayor’s distinctive film-making of care and affects shares a similar space to the daily naturalism of Thais Fujinaga’s A Felicidade das Coisas. In the director’s first feature film, the swimming pool is not a horizontal basin for swimmers’ immersion; rather it is a huge vertical monolith, a kind of an anti-monument, anchored in the garden of a middle-class family. The film conveys the efforts and challenges of a mother of two children to build a swimming pool in their modest summer house, a mother who, alone, comes up against a hypermasculine world. Equally, the film speaks of family love, and the search for status, with the swimming pool a languishing totem of the Brazilian middle class during the years of Bolsonarism.
![Blake Edwards, The Party [El guateque], 1968, película](https://recursos.museoreinasofia.es/styles/small_landscape/public/Actividades/ciclocine-piscinas-14.jpg.webp)
Blake Edwards. The Party
Saturday, 15 August 2026
In The Party, actor Hrundi V. Bakshi (Peter Sellers) is mistakenly invited to a glamorous dinner party in Hollywood. His curiosity and two left feet lead to one funny mishap after the other. During the soiree he consoles Michèle, a young actress who has been fired by her producer, and the chaos gathers momentum when Bakshi accidentally opens a retractable floor, making the guests fall into a swimming pool. A small hippie-style elephant gatecrashes the party, brought by a group of young people, and Bakshi asks the guests to wash the elephant as it is a sacred animal in his country. The house fills with soap suds, culminating in a wackily chaotic party.
When Stanley Kubrick was once asked who Peter Sellers was, he replied: “There is no such person as Peter Sellers”. The Party is one of the most widely recognised comedies in the history of film, its director Blake Edwards and the English actor making an entertaining critique of a fading conservative society. The cultural revolutions of the 1960s fit into the container of a choppy swimming pool: people from high society, an elephant, a Russian ballet, waiters, beatnik youth… similar to Sellers’s own identity: an empty vessel that can be refilled. In the film, Edwards tapped into the ingenious actor’s innate improvisation and the swimming pool as a container for revolutionary intent.

Lucrecia Martel. La ciénaga (The Swamp)
Viernes 21 de agosto, 2026
A couple of families spend the summer in a country cottage. The relationship between them exposes a crisis. The alcoholism of Mecha (Graciela Borges) and Gregorio (Martín Adjemián) becomes clear, leading to a drift in the education of their children and impacting relationships of respect and affect. Weariness expresses the lackadaisical environment.
In La ciénaga Lucrecia Martel approaches the decadence of a middle-class Argentinian family. The pool of dirty, stagnant water reflects the economic and social collapse of a whole country, yet reflects more than economic crisis as it becomes a murky well feeding off the pain of those living in the house. An erstwhile space of joy, the swimming pool becomes a reflection of adult depression, resulting in apathy. And the children, especially the girls, seem to be the only people awake in this drift. Barring a flicker of unawareness, the young people immerse themselves in rainwater or the water from the river, in water that flows, but are cautious of getting too close to the swimming pool.
![Yorgos Lanthimos, Kynodontas [Canino], 2009, película](https://recursos.museoreinasofia.es/styles/small_landscape/public/Actividades/ciclocine-piscinas-16_00.jpg.webp)
Yorgos Lanthimos. Dogtooth
Saturday, 22 August 2026
A couple with three adult children live in a modern country cottage. A large swimming pool takes centre stage in a sizeable garden. The property is skirted by a large fence that blocks a view of the outside. Here, the father has educated his children without outside contact, maintaining their belief in a false world: aeroplanes fall in the garden like toys and they must act like dogs to defend themselves from the ferocious cats that surround the house. The promise of going out into the world when they lose their dogtooth is proof of their maturity.
Lanthimos builds a world that is surreal, comical and terrible. The swimming pool is the house’s central element, a limited, controlled space assimilated like the sea, yet under the father’s supervision. A space of imagination, but with sinister intentions: the children are indoctrinated under the water as they believe in a better world. Far from reality. The swimming pool’s limits are the limits of their freedom, a false state of well-being expressed in the weightless bodies in the water. The liquid element is an analgesic magma with the power to educate offspring under the latent fear of a shark bite.
![Binka Zhelyazkova, Baseynat [La piscina], 1977, película](https://recursos.museoreinasofia.es/styles/small_landscape/public/Actividades/ciclocine-piscinas-17_00.png.webp)
Binka Zhelyazkova. The Swimming Pool
Viernes 28 de agosto, 2026
The young, bright Bella (Yanina Kasheva), after unforeseen heartbreak at her graduation party, meets Apostol (Kosta Tsonev), a reserved architect, and Boyan (Kliment Denchev), a comedy actor who is cynical about his country. The three characters climb up to a diving board in a municipal swimming pool, where they begin a strange relationship of friendship, love and despair which reflects a generational clash.
Binka Zhelyazkova, the great enfant terrible of Eastern European cinema, critic of the communist system and widely acclaimed film-maker beyond Bulgarian borders, made in The Swimming Pool a masterly metaphor for a country in decline. The public pool symbolises a closed, immovable enclosure where society is festering. From the height of a diving board she sees, in a panoptic view, the different generations living underneath a limited space. On one side, older people attempt to preserve the old revolutionary spirit with constant collective swimming exercises while, on the other, young people don’t hide the desire for freedom that remains unrealised. The result is an ideological clash in how to act and move in the enclosure, unearthing vast hypocrisy in the lost ideals of socialism, reflected in the total apathy of youth. The Swimming Pool for Zhelyazkova is a reflection of the disillusionment and existential void of a whole country and system.
