In this course, writer Servando Rocha will survey the deviations and disbandment of Dada, in addition to its repeated resurrection in popular culture, sound experiments and a wave of on-the-edge situations running from the Surrealists to the Lettrists, from Fluxus to Situationists, from punk to guerrilla communication, ending up at noise and experimental music. Far from being viewed as just another avant-garde movement, Dada was conceived as the start of a long-standing relationship between culture, negativity and identity that would form the backbone of the twentieth century. A type of electric current or, further still, a virus which changed everything from the time it surfaced in the prefaces of another gargantuan exploit, the Russian Revolution.
The five-session course looks to trace the origins of Dada as “anti-art”, defined more as an attitude than a movement; in essence, a state of outright repudiation. The contradictions that Dada brought into effect became a critical tool, a subversive strategy and political standpoint. The unlikely alliance between an anti-artist (Tzara), a professional revolutionary (Lenin) and a modernist writer (Joyce) would eventually define the spirit of the movement. The Dadaists thrived on primitive faces, unrepressed desire, psychoanalysis and occultism; they aggressively vindicated the “dictatorship of the spirit” as they embraced the Soviet revolutions. Dadaism gained in strength in its endeavours to walk through the darkness, arriving in a tumultuous, unstable and wayward region, where dreams and violence were confused with ungovernable moods.
The international activity of Dadaist delegations, with divergent positions and discourses in Zurich, Paris, Cologne and New York, sought to wreck the meaning of art, replacing it with a new sense of chaos. Madrid would follow the trail of these cities as a Dadaist metropolis, with movements, groups, places and figures supporting many of the ideas included in the movement’s manifestos and actions.
In 1920 Dada prepared its progressive disappearance after becoming celebrated, predictable, almost boring — the exact opposite of the spirit of the original repudiation. It disbanded without much ado, leading the way for the Surrealist troupe, yet doing so by leaving behind a brilliant phrase for future generations: “The true Dadaists are against Dada”. Nevertheless, its self-annihilation could be interpreted as a false exit, and since then its shadow has loomed over spaces of contemporary and underground culture. It was and remains a permanent source of inspiration.